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In the VALS framework,consumers motivated by ideals are guided by knowledge and principle.__________ choose familiar products and brands,favor American-made products,and are generally brand loyal.


A) Believers
B) Thinkers
C) Makers
D) Experiencers
E) Achievers

F) C) and E)
G) A) and B)

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The most frequently used determinants of social class are


A) lifestyle,behavior patterns,and values.
B) occupation,education,and source of income.
C) lifestyle,education,and income.
D) education,ancestry,and income.
E) income,family background,and occupation.

F) A) and B)
G) All of the above

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Subliminal perception refers to


A) the process of seeing or hearing messages without being aware of them.
B) a person's innate ability to read non-verbal cues such as body language and facial expressions.
C) the ability of a person to understand the allegorical meanings behind words,sentences,or paragraphs communicated in writing or speech.
D) the process of being brainwashed to the point of acting in a way that is contrary to or inconsistent with ones normal behavior.
E) the inability of a person to fully understand what is being said through a lack of background knowledge or experience.

F) C) and E)
G) D) and E)

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In the Maslow hierarchy of needs,those needs which are basic to survival and which must be satisfied first are referred to as


A) physiological needs.
B) safety needs.
C) social needs.
D) personal needs.
E) self-actualization needs.

F) D) and E)
G) A) and D)

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Considerable research has documented that in many product categories,consumers are unable to distinguish among brands when given blind tests (i.e. ,taste or other use of the products without labels) .Such products include soft drinks,coffee,and cosmetics.Nonetheless,even when prices are similar,consumers have strong preferences for specific brands of these product categories.They may buy these out of habit,which is the basis of


A) extended problem solving.
B) limited problem solving.
C) routine problem solving.
D) high-involvement problem solving.
E) personal problem solving.

F) A) and B)
G) All of the above

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Another name for the analysis of consumer lifestyles is called __________.


A) demographics
B) psychographics
C) social statistics
D) physiological needs
E) sociographics

F) B) and C)
G) C) and D)

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Among the three racial/ethnic subcultures in the United States,African Americans rank as __________ in terms of spending power.


A) the largest
B) the second largest
C) the third largest
D) equal with Hispanics
E) equal with Asian Americans

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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A brand community refers to


A) the relatively permanent,homogeneous divisions in a society that consists of people who share similar values,interests,behaviors,and brands.
B) a specialized group of consumers with a structured set of relationships involving a particular brand,fellow customers of that brand,and the product in use.
C) people to whom an individual looks to as a basis for purchasing particular brands.
D) those buyers who,through the size of their purchases,affect where marketing dollars will be spent on a particular brand.
E) those brands with whom a person does not wish to be identified with.

F) A) and B)
G) B) and C)

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In Figure 5-3 above,column "B" represents which of the following in terms of consumer involvement and product knowledge?


A) consideration set
B) routine problem solving
C) limited problem solving
D) extended problem solving
E) integrated problem solving

F) None of the above
G) A) and B)

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There are five stages in the consumer purchase decision process.The fourth stage is __________.


A) information search
B) purchase decision
C) alternative evaluation
D) option testing
E) problem recognition

F) A) and C)
G) B) and E)

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The feeling of postpurchase psychological tension or anxiety consumers may experience when faced with two or more highly attractive alternatives is referred to as


A) angst.
B) the temporal state.
C) the dissociative state.
D) selective perception.
E) cognitive dissonance.

F) B) and C)
G) B) and D)

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Which of the following statements about Groupon is most accurate?


A) In the alternative evaluation stage of the consumer purchase decision process for Groupon,many Groupon customers focus on place or distribution as the most important evaluative criterion.
B) In the problem recognition stage of the consumer purchase decision process for Groupon,a need may be triggered by a Groupon "deal of the day" e-mail to present potential customers with an opportunity to do (buy) something they may not ordinarily do.
C) The typical Groupon user is a 35- to 45-year old male with an average income of about $25,000 who is looking for a great deal.
D) The Groupon purchase decision is made online and then confirmed by a telephone call when enough consumers agree to the offer and the "deal tips."
E) Generally,Groupon consumers rarely follow the purchase decision process like they do for other consumer offerings because they do not have time for an information search.

F) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

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Casey's girlfriend will celebrate her birthday next week,so he needs to buy her a gift.He remembers the brand of watch that she wears and considers if she would like a new one by the same maker.This is an example of what part of the consumer purchase decision process?


A) recollection search
B) external search
C) evaluative criteria
D) antecedent states
E) internal search

F) None of the above
G) A) and C)

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An example of a marketer-dominated source of information consulted during an external search would include


A) previous ownership of a product.
B) a Better Business Bureau rating.
C) a product display in a retail store.
D) a consumer program on talk radio.
E) your mother.

F) A) and C)
G) None of the above

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In the United States,there are two major political parties whose members disagree with each other on a variety of issues.Both Republicans and Democrats view one another as being part of a(n) __________ group.


A) associative
B) aspiration
C) dissociative
D) reference
E) involvement

F) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

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A person's ability to perceive differences in stimuli is referred to as


A) selective comprehension.
B) selective retention.
C) stimulus generalization.
D) stimulus discrimination.
E) routine problem solving.

F) All of the above
G) B) and E)

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Five situational influences have an impact on a consumer's purchase decision process.They are: purchase task,__________,physical surroundings,temporal effects,and antecedent states.


A) competitive offerings
B) motivation
C) core values
D) brand loyalty
E) social surroundings

F) A) and C)
G) C) and E)

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In the VALS framework,consumers motivated by achievement look for products and services that demonstrate success to their peers or to a peer group they aspire to.One segment of the two achievement-motivated groups,known as __________,have a busy,goal-directed lifestyle and a deep commitment to career and family.Image is important to them.


A) Experiencers
B) Believers
C) Makers
D) Achievers
E) Thinkers

F) B) and C)
G) A) and B)

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VALS creates profiles of people based on their primary motivation and resources.In the VALS framework above,"B" refers to


A) Ideals.
B) Achievement.
C) Self-Expression.
D) Survivors.
E) Innovators.

F) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

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The process by which an individual selects,organizes,and interprets information to create a meaningful picture of the world is referred to as __________.


A) motivation
B) attitude formation
C) learning
D) perception
E) a self-concept

F) B) and D)
G) A) and B)

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