Question 1

How should oxygen therapy be administered to chronically hypercapnic patients?

Accepted Answer

A)  avoid giving any supplemental oxygen
B)  give as much oxygen as possible (60% to 100%) 
C)  withhold oxygen until the patient is intubated
D)  give as much oxygen as required to maintain adequate oxygenationE) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 2

Which of the following is indirectly responsible for minute-to-minute control of breathing?

Accepted Answer

A)  CO2 levels
B)  HCO3- levels
C)  lactate levels
D)  O2 levelsE) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 3

What stimulates the Hering-Breuer inflation reflex?

Accepted Answer

A)  the DRG when it is time to end inspiratory efforts
B)  the stretch of receptors at high lung volumes
C)  the VRG when it is time for inspiration
D)  very low lung volumes stimulate inspirationE) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 4

In patients with closed-head injuries, what may happen if the patient has hypercapnia?

Accepted Answer

A)  High CO2 increases the risk of psychotic events.
B)  High CO2 levels cause cerebral vasodilation and improved oxygenation.
C)  Severe cerebral vasoconstriction results in anoxia and stroke.
D)  Vasodilation causes increased intracranial pressure and possibly stops blood flow.E) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 5

In the face of hyperoxia, what is the response of the peripheral chemoreceptors to hypercapnia?

Accepted Answer

A)  There is a decreased drive to breathe.
B)  There is an increased drive to breathe.
C)  There is insufficient information.
D)  There is virtually no response.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 6

Both anemia and carbon monoxide (CO)  poisoning can cause severe hypoxia, yet neither condition results in a major stimulation of breathing. Why is this so?

Accepted Answer

A)  The peripheral chemoreceptors do not respond to low oxygen content.
B)  Anemia and CO poisoning depress the peripheral chemoreceptors.
C)  Anemia and CO poisoning depress the central chemoreceptors.
D)  Anemia and CO cause stagnant hypoxia, not hypoxemia.E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 7

Where are the peripheral chemoreceptors located?
I.in the arch of the aorta
II.in the bifurcations of carotid arteries
III.on the ventrolateral surfaces of the medulla

Accepted Answer

A)  I and II
B)  I
C)  II and III
D)  I, II, and IIIE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 8

Biot's respiration is most frequently observed in patients with which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  congestive heart failure
B)  increased intracranial pressure
C)  metabolic acidosis
D)  peripheral nerve disordersE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Exam 14: Regulation of Breathing

In patients with closed-head injuries, what may happen if the patient has hypercapnia?

Correct Answer
verified

Both anemia and carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning can cause severe hypoxia, yet neither condition results in a major stimulation of breathing. Why is this so?

Correct Answer
verified

In the face of hyperoxia, what is the response of the peripheral chemoreceptors to hypercapnia?

Correct Answer
verified

How should oxygen therapy be administered to chronically hypercapnic patients?

Correct Answer
verified

Where are the peripheral chemoreceptors located? I.in the arch of the aorta II.in the bifurcations of carotid arteries III.on the ventrolateral surfaces of the medulla

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is indirectly responsible for minute-to-minute control of breathing?

Correct Answer
verified

What stimulates the Hering-Breuer inflation reflex?

Correct Answer
verified

Biot's respiration is most frequently observed in patients with which of the following?

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 14: Regulation of Breathing

In patients with closed-head injuries, what may happen if the patient has hypercapnia?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Both anemia and carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning can cause severe hypoxia, yet neither condition results in a major stimulation of breathing. Why is this so?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the face of hyperoxia, what is the response of the peripheral chemoreceptors to hypercapnia?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How should oxygen therapy be administered to chronically hypercapnic patients?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Where are the peripheral chemoreceptors located? I.in the arch of the aorta II.in the bifurcations of carotid arteries III.on the ventrolateral surfaces of the medulla

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is indirectly responsible for minute-to-minute control of breathing?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What stimulates the Hering-Breuer inflation reflex?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Biot's respiration is most frequently observed in patients with which of the following?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified