Question 1

People who are at high risk for heatstroke include

Accepted Answer

A)   people prone to fevers and infants.
B)   people who have mice for pets.
C)   mountain climbers and elderly marathoners.
D)   athletes who exercise in high heat, soldiers in the desert.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 2

A blood pH of 7.2 inhibits the respiratory center in the brainstem and decreases CO2 level.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Hyperkalemia can be caused by

Accepted Answer

A)   renal disease, which reduces potassium excretion.
B)   drugs that promote renal conservation of potassium.
C)   insufficient secretion of aldosterone.
D)   all of the above.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 4

If excess water enters the body,

Accepted Answer

A)   ADH release increases.
B)   more water is reabsorbed from the renal tubules.
C)   osmoreceptors in the brain swell.
D)   the collecting duct becomes more permeable to water.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 5

Respiratory alkalosis can be

Accepted Answer

A)   caused by anything that decreases breathing rate.
B)   compensated for by a decreased secretion of bases in the kidneys.
C)   compensated for by a decreased respiratory rate.
D)   characterized by muscle paralysis.E) A) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 6

A protein functions as an acid-base buffer system by the -COOH group of a molecule accepting H+ in the presence of excess acid and the NH3 group of a molecule releasing H+ in the presence of excess base.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

The part of the brain that helps regulate hydrogen ion concentrations is the _______ center.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The part of the brain that helps...

Question 8

The buffer system in blood is formed by

Accepted Answer

A)   the chloride shift through the cell membranes.
B)   deoxyhemoglobin generated in white blood cells.
C)   phosphate buffer in the renal system.
D)   hemoglobin binding hydrogen ions in red blood cells.E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 9

Symptoms of respiratory alkalosis include

Accepted Answer

A)   light headedness.
B)   agitation.
C)   tingling sensations.
D)   all of the above.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 10

The greatest output of electrolytes normally is in urine.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Chemical buffer systems act rapidly against shifts in pH, whereas physiological buffer systems function more slowly.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Dehydration is caused by

Accepted Answer

A)   excessive sweating.
B)   prolonged water deprivation.
C)   prolonged vomiting or prolonged diarrhea.
D)   all of the above.E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 13

Which of the following most closely represents the percentage of water by weight in an adult male?

Accepted Answer

A)   35%
B)   45%
C)   55%
D)   65%E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 14

Metabolic alkalosis may be caused by

Accepted Answer

A)   prolonged vomiting.
B)   taking too many antacids.
C)   gastric lavage ("stomach pumping") .
D)   all of the above.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 15

An important stimulus for the secretion of aldosterone is

Accepted Answer

A)   rising potassium ion concentration.
B)   falling potassium ion concentration.
C)   rising sodium ion concentration.
D)   rising calcium ion concentration.E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 16

Addison disease is characterized by

Accepted Answer

A)   aldosterone deficiency and loss of extracellular sodium.
B)   aldosterone deficiency and gain of extracellular sodium.
C)   aldosterone excess and loss of extracellular sodium.
D)   aldosterone excess and gain of extracellular sodium.E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 17

The thirst center is located in the

Accepted Answer

A)   thalamus.
B)   hypothalamus.
C)   midbrain.
D)   medulla oblongata.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 18

The hormone ADH is released from the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Intracellular fluids have high concentrations of

Accepted Answer

A)   chloride and potassium ions.
B)   sodium and phosphate ions.
C)   potassium and phosphate ions.
D)   sodium and chloride ions.E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 20

Water obtained as a by-product of the oxidation of various nutrients is called water of _____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Water obtained as a by-product of the...

Exam 21: Water, Electrolyte, and Acid-Based Balance

The thirst center is located in the

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Intracellular fluids have high concentrations of

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Symptoms of respiratory alkalosis include

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Respiratory alkalosis can be

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Metabolic alkalosis may be caused by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Chemical buffer systems act rapidly against shifts in pH, whereas physiological buffer systems function more slowly.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A protein functions as an acid-base buffer system by the -COOH group of a molecule accepting H+ in the presence of excess acid and the NH3 group of a molecule releasing H+ in the presence of excess base.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

People who are at high risk for heatstroke include

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Dehydration is caused by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Addison disease is characterized by

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An important stimulus for the secretion of aldosterone is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following most closely represents the percentage of water by weight in an adult male?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If excess water enters the body,

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Water obtained as a by-product of the oxidation of various nutrients is called water of _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The buffer system in blood is formed by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Hyperkalemia can be caused by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The part of the brain that helps regulate hydrogen ion concentrations is the _______ center.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A blood pH of 7.2 inhibits the respiratory center in the brainstem and decreases CO2 level.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The hormone ADH is released from the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The greatest output of electrolytes normally is in urine.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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A protein functions as an acid-base buffer system by the -COOH group of a molecule accepting H⁺ in the presence of excess acid and the NH₃ group of a molecule releasing H⁺ in the presence of excess base.

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A blood pH of 7.2 inhibits the respiratory center in the brainstem and decreases CO₂ level.

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