Question 1

The correct sequencing of the sections of the main body of a journal article would be

Accepted Answer

A)   introduction, method, results, discussion.
B)   introduction, discussion, method, results.
C)   discussion, introduction, method, results.
D)   method, introduction, results, discussion.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 2

The ____________________ is a measure of the amount of variability in a set of data.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The ____________________ is a measure of the...

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT included in the ethical guidelines for human participants in psychological research?

Accepted Answer

A)   Participants should not be subjected to harmful or dangerous treatments.
B)   Participants should be paid for their participation.
C)   Participants' right to privacy should not be compromised.
D)   Participants should volunteer to participate.E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Question 4

Explain why "a correlation does not prove causation."

Accepted Answer

A correlation suggests that two variable...

Question 5

As correlation coefficients ____,the ability to predict one variable based on knowledge of the second variable increases.

Accepted Answer

A)   become positive
B)   become negative
C)   increase in strength
D)   decrease in strengthE) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 6

In experiments,placing subjects in experimental groups such that each subject has an equal probability of ending up in any experimental group is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)   random selection.
B)   random sampling.
C)   random forecasting.
D)   random assignment.E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 7

A correlational research study was conducted that found that adults who ate oatmeal as children were four times more likely to develop cancer than those who did not.Can the authors of this correlational study conclude that oatmeal causes cancer? Why or why not?

Accepted Answer

No,the authors cannot conclude causality...

Question 8

Statistics that are used to summarize and organize data are called

Accepted Answer

A)   descriptive statistics.
B)   numerical statistics.
C)   inferential statistics.
D)   computational statistics.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 9

As an adult ages,his/her physical strength declines.The relationship between age and physical strength is a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)   nonexistent correlation.
B)   equal correlation.
C)   positive correlation.
D)   negative correlation.E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 10

What is the mode of the following data? 2,3,3,3,5,5,7,12

Accepted Answer

A)   3
B)   4
C)   5
D)   6E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 11

Of the following,the correlation coefficient that indicates the weakest relationship between the two variables being measured is

Accepted Answer

A)   +0.95.
B)   -0.69.
C)   +0.01.
D)   -4.50.E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 12

If we were to measure the height and weight of 100 adult women,we would find that these two measures are

Accepted Answer

A)   uncorrelated.
B)   increasingly correlated.
C)   negatively correlated.
D)   positively correlated.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a criticism of using animals in psychological research?

Accepted Answer

A)   Many of the studies are trivial.
B)   It is unethical to subject an animal to pain.
C)   The studies cost too much for the limited amount of information they provide.
D)   The studies are a waste of time, as the results often do not apply to humans.E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 14

Which of the following statements is MOST accurate?

Accepted Answer

A)   Deception has never been used in psychological research.
B)   Although deception has been used in the past, it has recently been banned by the American Psychological Association.
C)   In recent years, there has been a steady increase in the use of deception in psychological research.
D)   Deception has been fairly common in psychological research since the 1960s.E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 15

The scientific approach requires that people specify exactly what they are talking about when they formulate hypotheses.Which advantage of scientific investigation does this illustrate?

Accepted Answer

A)   precision
B)   acceptance of a degree of error
C)   skepticism
D)   operational definitionsE) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 16

The tendency for participants to participate in survey research appears to have

Accepted Answer

A)   increased noticeably in recent decades.
B)   increased for mail surveys but decreased for phone surveys.
C)   remained relatively constant since the early 1950s.
D)   declined noticeably in recent decades.E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 17

The two basic types of statistics are

Accepted Answer

A)   descriptive and inferential.
B)   central tendency and variability.
C)   sampling and correlative.
D)   parametric and nonparametric.E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 18

Individuals who think critically do not rely on anecdotal evidence because this type of evidence

Accepted Answer

A)   is too general and can be applied to too many unrelated situations.
B)   is based on inferential statistical analysis, which is generally unreliable.
C)   can be distorted by reporting biases.
D)   involves only negative instances, and cannot be used to make an unbiased decision.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 19

A sample is representative if

Accepted Answer

A)   only volunteer subjects are used.
B)   it is as different from the population as possible.
C)   all subjects are chosen from a single, unusual segment of the population.
D)   its composition is similar to the composition of the population.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 20

PsychINFO is a computerized database that contains abstracts,or brief summaries of psychological research studies published in journals and books.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 2: The Research Enterprise in Psychology

PsychINFO is a computerized database that contains abstracts,or brief summaries of psychological research studies published in journals and books.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The correct sequencing of the sections of the main body of a journal article would be

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A correlational research study was conducted that found that adults who ate oatmeal as children were four times more likely to develop cancer than those who did not.Can the authors of this correlational study conclude that oatmeal causes cancer? Why or why not?

Correct AnswerverifiedNo,the authors cannot conclude causality...View AnswerShow Answer

Explain why "a correlation does not prove causation."

Correct AnswerverifiedA correlation suggests that two variable...View AnswerShow Answer

Statistics that are used to summarize and organize data are called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

As an adult ages,his/her physical strength declines.The relationship between age and physical strength is a(n)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The tendency for participants to participate in survey research appears to have

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT included in the ethical guidelines for human participants in psychological research?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Individuals who think critically do not rely on anecdotal evidence because this type of evidence

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A sample is representative if

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Of the following,the correlation coefficient that indicates the weakest relationship between the two variables being measured is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the mode of the following data? 2,3,3,3,5,5,7,12

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT a criticism of using animals in psychological research?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In experiments,placing subjects in experimental groups such that each subject has an equal probability of ending up in any experimental group is referred to as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The two basic types of statistics are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If we were to measure the height and weight of 100 adult women,we would find that these two measures are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The scientific approach requires that people specify exactly what they are talking about when they formulate hypotheses.Which advantage of scientific investigation does this illustrate?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The ____________________ is a measure of the amount of variability in a set of data.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

As correlation coefficients ____,the ability to predict one variable based on knowledge of the second variable increases.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is MOST accurate?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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No,the authors cannot conclude causality...
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A correlation suggests that two variable...
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