Question 1

Thromboxane is a chemical mediator released by platelets. Thromboxane promotes the aggregation of platelets which results in platelet plug formation during hemostasis. Thromboxane would therefore be classified as a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)   neurotransmitter.
B)   paracrine chemical messenger.
C)   endorphin;.
D)   enkephalin.
E)   autocrine chemical messenger.F) All of the above
G) A) and E)

Question 2

A function of insulin is to

Accepted Answer

A)   increase the uptake of glucose by its target tissues.
B)   decrease the uptake of amino acids by its target tissues.
C)   increase glycogen breakdown in the liver and skeletal muscle.
D)   increase breakdown of fats.
E)   increase gluconeogenesis.F) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 3

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)  regulates the release of

Accepted Answer

A)   prolactin and oxytocin.
B)   follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone.
C)   estrogen and testosterone.
D)   progesterone and prolactin.
E)   thyrotropin-releasing hormone and thyroid-stimulating hormone.F) B) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 4

Match the endocrine gland with the hormone it secretes.
-adrenal cortex

Accepted Answer

A)  glucagon
B)  progesterone
C)  cortisol
D)  T3
E)  prolactinF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 5

Describe the mechanism of action of thyroid hormones.

Accepted Answer

A)   These hormones interact with membrane signaling proteins.
B)   Thyroid hormones bind to molecules of the cytoskeleton in the cell cytoplasm.
C)   Thyroid hormones bind to epithelial cell membranes that line the intestine.
D)   These hormones bind to molecules of the cytoskeleton in the cell cytoplasm.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 6

-Based on these laboratory results, which patient is most likely to have the following pathological condition: destructive tumor of anterior pituitary that destroys TSH secreting cells?

Accepted Answer

The answer of 
-Based on these laboratory results, which patient...

Question 7

Match the endocrine gland with the hormone it secretes.
-thyroid

Accepted Answer

A)  glucagon
B)  progesterone
C)  cortisol
D)  T3
E)  prolactinF) A) and B)
G) C) and E)

Question 8

The major target tissues of insulin include all of the following, except

Accepted Answer

A)   adipose tissue.
B)   liver.
C)   skeletal muscle.
D)   brain.E) A) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 9

What is the effect of hormones secreted by the thymus gland?

Accepted Answer

A)   These hormones stimulate growth.
B)   These hormones lower blood calcium levels.
C)   These hormones increase blood calcium levels.
D)   These hormones increase blood glucose levels.
E)   These hormones stimulate the development of the immune system.F) A) and E)
G) B) and E)

Question 10

The target tissue for melatonin is the __________________.

Accepted Answer

A)   gonads.
B)   anterior pituitary.
C)   posterior pituitary.
D)   liver.
E)   hypothalamus.F) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

Question 11

What is/are the function(s)  of inhibin?

Accepted Answer

A)   inhibits secretion of FSH from the anterior pituitary gland
B)   inhibits secretion of luteinizing hormone from the anterior pituitary gland
C)   inhibits secretion of estrogen from the ovaries
D)   All of the choices are functions of inhibin.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 12

T3 and T4 are stored in the lumen of thyroid follicles as part of the _____ molecule.

Accepted Answer

A)   thyrotropin
B)   thyroid-stimulating hormone
C)   thyroxine-binding protein
D)   thyroglobulin
E)   calcitoninF) D) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 13

If insulin secretion is too low or its receptors are insensitive, all of the following effects are seen, except

Accepted Answer

A)   high blood glucose levels.
B)   polyuria.
C)   increased uptake of glucose to cells.
D)   increased thirst.
E)   polyphagia.F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

Question 14

The embryonic origin of the posterior pituitary gland is

Accepted Answer

A)   epithelium from the oral cavity.
B)   nervous tissue from the area of the hypothalamus.
C)   an outpocket of the nasal cavity.
D)   glandular tissue from the cerebrum.E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a function of LH?

Accepted Answer

A)   Stimulates ovulation
B)   Stimulates the synthesis of testosterone
C)   Support for sperm cell production
D)   Stimulates secretion of progesterone
E)   Stimulates contraction of the uterusF) B) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 16

The two functional portions of the pituitary gland are the

Accepted Answer

A)   infundibulum and neurohypophysis.
B)   pars nervosa and pars tuberalis.
C)   neurohypophysis and adenohypophysis.
D)   adenohypophysis and infundibulum.
E)   infundibulum and hypothalamohypophysial portal systemF) C) and D)
G) B) and D)

Question 17

What condition could have the following symptoms: polyuria, acidosis, hyponatremia, and tetany of skeletal muscles?

Accepted Answer

A)   hyposecretion of glucocorticoids
B)   hypersecretion of mineralocorticoids
C)   hyposecretion of androgens
D)   hyposecretion of mineralocorticoidsE) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 18

Which gland does NOT produce reproductive hormones?

Accepted Answer

A)   ovaries
B)   testes
C)   placenta
D)   thyroid
E)   pituitary glandF) A) and C)
G) B) and E)

Question 19

Match the cell type with the hormone produced by that cell type.
-zona glomerulosa cells

Accepted Answer

A)  mineralocorticoids
B)  PTH
C)  insulin
D)  ADH
E)  T3F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 20

Compounds released from cells that influence the same cell are called _____________.

Accepted Answer

A)   paracrine chemical messengers
B)   steroidal hormones
C)   neuropeptides
D)   tropic hormones
E)   autocrine chemical messengersF) B) and C)
G) A) and B)

Exam 18: Endocrine Glands

What is the effect of hormones secreted by the thymus gland?

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-Based on these laboratory results, which patient is most likely to have the following pathological condition: destructive tumor of anterior pituitary that destroys TSH secreting cells?

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What is/are the function(s) of inhibin?

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A function of insulin is to

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The two functional portions of the pituitary gland are the

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T3 and T4 are stored in the lumen of thyroid follicles as part of the _____ molecule.

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What condition could have the following symptoms: polyuria, acidosis, hyponatremia, and tetany of skeletal muscles?

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Compounds released from cells that influence the same cell are called _____________.

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Match the endocrine gland with the hormone it secretes. -thyroid

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The major target tissues of insulin include all of the following, except

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If insulin secretion is too low or its receptors are insensitive, all of the following effects are seen, except

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The embryonic origin of the posterior pituitary gland is

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Which gland does NOT produce reproductive hormones?

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Thromboxane is a chemical mediator released by platelets. Thromboxane promotes the aggregation of platelets which results in platelet plug formation during hemostasis. Thromboxane would therefore be classified as a(n)

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Which of the following is NOT a function of LH?

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The target tissue for melatonin is the __________________.

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Match the cell type with the hormone produced by that cell type. -zona glomerulosa cells

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Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) regulates the release of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Describe the mechanism of action of thyroid hormones.

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Match the endocrine gland with the hormone it secretes. -adrenal cortex

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T₃ and T₄ are stored in the lumen of thyroid follicles as part of the _____ molecule.

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