A) remuneration
B) centralization
C) scalar chain
D) equity
E) esprit de corps
G) B) and D)
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Bureaucracy can be efficient and product...View Answer
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A) John Henry effect.
B) Pygmalion phenomenon.
C) observer-expectancy theory.
D) Hawthorne effect.
E) systems theory.
G) B) and D)
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B) False
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A) production tasks are reduced to machine-like movements that lead to boredom.
B) this approach may not help managers deal with competitors and government regulations.
C) this approach does not accommodate rapid decision making and flexibility.
D) this approach emphasizes only money as a worker incentive.
E) this approach ensures that all employees perform their best with excessive rules and regulations.
G) A) and D)
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A) organizations that need rapid decision making and flexibility may suffer with this approach.
B) managers may ignore appropriate rules and regulations.
C) managers were not trained to apply the principles of the theory.
D) it leads to too much authority being vested in too few people.
E) it did not help managers deal with broader external issues.
G) A) and E)
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A) can be
B) cannot be
C) must be
D) should be
E) want to be
G) None of the above
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A) emphasizes the perspective of senior managers within the organization and argues that management is a profession and can be taught.
B) suggests that organizations are effective when their employees have the right tools, training, and knowledge to make products and services that are valued by customers.
C) believes that bureaucratic structures can eliminate the variability that results when managers in the same organization have different skills, experiences, and goals.
D) advocates the application of scientific methods to analyze work and to determine how to complete production tasks efficiently.
E) attempts to build specific procedures and processes into operations to ensure coordination of effort.
G) C) and D)
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A) does not address factors like self-management.
B) has always been appreciated for its broad perspective, unlike other approaches.
C) relies upon mathematical models to solve management problems.
D) emphasizes development of an organization's human resources to achieve individual goals.
E) has had its primary focus shift away from leadership and employee involvement in the past few years.
G) A) and E)
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Michael Porter, professor at Harvard Uni...View Answer
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A) believed that specific procedures and processes should be built into operations to ensure coordination of effort.
B) concluded that management decisions were unsystematic and that no research existed to determine the best means of production.
C) emphasized economical operations, adequate staffing, maintenance of inventories to meet consumer demand, and organizational control.
D) believed that bureaucratic structures can eliminate the variability that results when managers in the same organization have different skills, experiences, and goals.
E) advocated that the jobs themselves be standardized so that personnel changes would not disrupt the organization.
G) B) and E)
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A) flexibility and speed are always achieved in decision making."
B) mathematical models are used for problem solving."
C) employees have freedom to seek out their preferred managers to solve their problems."
D) supervisors gain experience in and are accountable for solving problems in their work units."
E) jobs can be redesigned to optimize operation of a new technology."
G) B) and D)
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A) believed that supervisors could be motivated to provide training to underperforming workers.
B) created the Gantt chart, which helps managers plan projects by task and time to complete those tasks.
C) developed a system to lower costs and increase worker productivity by showing how employees could work smarter, not harder.
D) focused less on the technical and more on the human side of management.
E) advocated the use of the differential piecerate system.
G) A) and B)
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A) systematic management
B) scientific management
C) administrative management
D) bureaucracy
E) human relations
G) B) and C)
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A) the more recent contributions made by organizational behavior have a narrower viewpoint.
B) unlike other approaches, it has always been appreciated for its broad perspective.
C) it does not address factors like employee involvement and self-management.
D) through the years, organizational behavior has consistently emphasized development of an organizations' human resources to achieve organizational rather than individual goals.
E) in the past few years, many of the primary issues addressed by organizational behavior have experienced a rebirth with a greater interest in leadership.
G) C) and D)
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Answers will vary by student and may inc...View Answer
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A) discovery that great companies are managed by "level-5 leaders" who often display humility while simultaneously inspiring those in the organization to apply self-discipline.
B) focus on the areas of organizational and change.
C) ability to urge U.S. firms to fight their competition by refocusing their business strategies on several drivers of success like people and customers.
D) focus on the "strategic and organizational challenges confronting managers in multinational corporations."
E) need for organizations to set clear objectives and establish the means of evaluating progress toward those objectives.
G) C) and D)
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A) they overemphasized the relationship between an organization and its external environment.
B) they assumed employees wanted to work and could direct and control themselves.
C) most managers were not trained in using the classical approaches.
D) they usually stressed one aspect of an organization or its employees at the expense of other considerations.
E) many aspects of a management decision could not be expressed through mathematical symbols and formulas.
G) None of the above
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A) contingency.
B) open system.
C) physiological need.
D) self-fulfilling prophecy.
E) bureaucratic approach.
G) A) and B)
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A) once established, it is very difficult to dismantle such an organizational structure.
B) the concept that a happy worker is a productive worker is too simplistic.
C) the economic aspects of the workplace are overemphasized.
D) job-related factors were ignored by emphasizing only money.
E) production tasks were reduced to routine procedures which led to boredom.
G) B) and D)
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