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Exam 21: The Evidence for Evolution

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Question 21

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Mollusk eyes and vertebrate eyes are

A) analogous structures,because they arise from the same structures during development.
B) analogous structures,because they have the same function but derive from different common ancestors.
C) homologous structures,because they have different functions.
D) homologous structures,because they are derived from the same common ancestor.

E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

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Question 22

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Which "alternate" hypothesis might also explain industrial melanism?

A) Dark moths are more resistant to the toxic effects of pollution than light moths.
B) Dark moths emigrate out of polluted areas to escape the pollution.
C) Pollution kills important tree species that peppered moths depend on for egg laying.
D) Because dark moths absorb more heat,they are more active and better able to avoid bird predation.
E) Birds used the marks that Kettlewell placed on the moths when he released them to help them find and capture the moths.

F) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

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Question 23

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Considerably more phenotypic variation exists in domesticated varieties of species like dogs and cabbages than exists in non-domesticated species like lions and maple trees.Which one of the following statements best explains why this is true?

The "scientific creationism" view includes all of the following beliefs except that

In the laboratory,fruit flies (Drosophila) were artificially selected for the number of bristles on their bodies.One population (R) was selected for low numbers of bristles,a second population (S) for high numbers of bristles. -In order for the scientists to artificially select Drosophila for their number of bristles,

A technique used in dating a rock can be used to accurately predict the age of the fossils occurring in the rocks.This technique involves

It could be said that today's Australian marsupials and today's placental mammals have

-The pattern of wet years and dry years shown will probably move the population toward

Select the statements that provide direct biogeographical evidence for evolutionary theory.Check all that apply.

Which statement best describes the correlation between beak depths and the dryness of the environment?

Structures that have no apparent function but had a function in ancestral species are

In studying the medium ground finch on Daphne Major,the Grants noted that each generation of finches had beaks

Convergent evolution occurs when two species living in

A scientist studying evolution of peppered moths (Biston betularia) in Michigan observed that the percentage of melanic moths increased by around 2% from 1960-1961.Has evolution occurred in this population?

Homologous structures are

In 2006,scientists discovered a fossil that had scales and gills,a flat head with eyes on top like a crocodile,and fin and neck bones that would allow it to prop itself out of the water.The best explanation for this fossil is that it is

Progressive changes in the fossil record are evidence for evolution because

A new winged species is discovered in the Amazon rainforest.Select the evidence that supports that this species' wings are homologous to vertebrate animals and analogous to insect wings.Check all that apply.

The most likely explanation for why toothed whales have a blowhole is

Which observation(s) of the medium ground finch (Geospiza fortis) by Peter and Rosemary Grant verify Darwin's selection hypothesis? Check all that apply.