Question 1

What is activated when light causes 11-cis-retinal to convert to all-trans-retinal?

Accepted Answer

A)   opsin
B)   transducin
C)   ATP
D)   glutamateE) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 2

Arrange the following structures in the order in which they would vibrate as a result of the tympanic membrane vibrating. (1)  oval window
(2)  vestibular membrane and endolymph
(3)  ossicles
(4)  basilar membrane
(5)  perilymph

Accepted Answer

A)   3, 5, 2, 4, 1
B)   1, 2, 5, 3, 4
C)   1, 2, 3, 4, 5
D)   3, 1, 5, 2, 4
E)   3, 2, 4, 5, 1F) A) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 3

Sensory structures that detect taste are

Accepted Answer

A)   palates.
B)   papillae.
C)   taste buds.
D)   ciliary membranes.
E)   thermoreceptors.F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT an effect of aging on sense organs?

Accepted Answer

A)   A large loss in the ability to detect odors.
B)   Decrease in sense of taste.
C)   Loss of lens flexibility in the eye.
D)   Decline in visual acuity and color perception.
E)   Decreased ability to localize sound.F) A) and B)
G) B) and D)

Question 5

Match the description with its correct name.
-cataract

Accepted Answer

A)  difficulty seeing distant objects
B)  a type of refractory error
C)  clouding of the lens of the eye
D)  increased intraocular pressure that can lead to loss of vision
E)  loss of acute central visionF) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 6

Arrange the following structures in the order in which they vibrate when a sound wave enters the ear. (1)  eardrum
(2)  endolymph
(3)  ossicles
(4)  oval window
(5)  perilymph

Accepted Answer

A)   1, 3, 5, 2, 4
B)   1, 4, 3, 5, 2
C)   3, 1, 5, 2, 4
D)   1, 3, 2, 5, 4
E)   1, 3, 4, 5, 2F) A) and D)
G) C) and E)

Question 7

The photoreceptor cells are located

Accepted Answer

A)   on the surface of the retina.
B)   in the ganglionic layer of the retina.
C)   in the photoreceptive layer of the retina.
D)   in the choroid layer of the retina.
E)   in the pigment cell layer of the retina.F) B) and C)
G) B) and E)

Question 8

Which of the following special senses is relayed directly to the cerebral cortex without going to the thalamus?

Accepted Answer

A)   smell
B)   taste
C)   sight
D)   sound
E)   touchF) A) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 9

Match the description with the most appropriate structure.
-ceruminous glands

Accepted Answer

A)  structures that produce earwax
B)  fluid in the membranous labyrinth
C)  fluid between the membranous and bony labyrinth
D)  ossicles connect this structure to eardrum
E)  connects the middle ear to the pharynxF) All of the above
G) A) and C)

Question 10

-Olfaction is the sense of smell. What does "A" represent?

Accepted Answer

A)   olfactory bulb
B)   cilia (olfactory hairs) 
C)   olfactory neuron
D)   axon of olfactory neuron
E)   olfactory tractF) D) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 11

What connects the stereocilia in a hair bundle?

Accepted Answer

A)   calcium channels
B)   tip links
C)   spiral ligaments
D)   outer hair cellsE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 12

Match the structure with the appropriate description.
-macula

Accepted Answer

A)  blood vessels enter and the optic nerve exits here
B)  a small yellow spot near the center of the posterior retina
C)  the portion of the retina with the greatest visual acuity
D)  a jellylike substance in the posterior cavity of the eye
E)  the fluid that fills the anterior cavity of the eyeF) C) and D)
G) D) and E)

Question 13

Match the structure with the appropriate description.
-conjunctivitis

Accepted Answer

A)  lubricate the eyelid
B)  protect the eye from falling objects
C)  an inflamed ciliary gland
D)  small tubes that drain tears into the lacrimal sac
E)  inflammation of the conjunctivaF) B) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 14

The direction from which a sound is coming can be determined by the

Accepted Answer

A)   volume of the sound.
B)   frequency of sound waves.
C)   amplitude of the sound waves.
D)   differences in the time that sound waves take to reach each ear.
E)   timbre of sounds.F) C) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 15

As a stereocilium bends, the tip link pulls ______ gates open.

Accepted Answer

A)   Na+
B)   Ca2+
C)   Cl-
D)   K+E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 16

Match the structure with the appropriate description.
-organ of Corti

Accepted Answer

A)  organ of hearing
B)  passageway from the outside to the eardrum
C)  interconnecting tunnels in the temporal bone
D)  tiny bones in the middle ear
E)  connecting chambers of inner ear filled with endolymphF) B) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 17

Match the structure with the appropriate description.
-olfactory cortex

Accepted Answer

A)  relay olfactory information to the brain and synapse with association neurons in the olfactory bulb
B)  area of the brain where the olfactory tracts terminate
C)  enlargements on the dendrites of olfactory neurons
D)  fibers that connect the olfactory bulb to the cortex
E)  the expanded anterior portions of the olfactory nervesF) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 18

Match the structure with the appropriate description.
-bulbar conjunctiva

Accepted Answer

A)  the angle where the eyelids join
B)  the space between the two eyelids
C)  another name for the eyelids
D)  the membrane that covers the inner surface of the eyelids
E)  the membrane that covers the anterior sclera of the eyeF) A) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 19

Pinkeye is an acute inflammation of the

Accepted Answer

A)   retina.
B)   choroid.
C)   sclera.
D)   conjunctiva.
E)   lacrimal gland.F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

Question 20

Glaucoma can result from

Accepted Answer

A)   inhibition of the circulation of aqueous humor.
B)   damage to the suspensory ligament.
C)   a decrease in the number of cones.
D)   opacity of the lens.
E)   increased amounts of vitreous humor.F) C) and D)
G) All of the above

Exam 15: The Special Senses

Pinkeye is an acute inflammation of the

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Which of the following is NOT an effect of aging on sense organs?

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Match the structure with the appropriate description. -organ of Corti

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The direction from which a sound is coming can be determined by the

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Sensory structures that detect taste are

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What connects the stereocilia in a hair bundle?

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What is activated when light causes 11-cis-retinal to convert to all-trans-retinal?

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Match the structure with the appropriate description. -olfactory cortex

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As a stereocilium bends, the tip link pulls ______ gates open.

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Match the description with its correct name. -cataract

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Which of the following special senses is relayed directly to the cerebral cortex without going to the thalamus?

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Arrange the following structures in the order in which they vibrate when a sound wave enters the ear. (1) eardrum (2) endolymph (3) ossicles (4) oval window (5) perilymph

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The photoreceptor cells are located

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Match the structure with the appropriate description. -conjunctivitis

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Arrange the following structures in the order in which they would vibrate as a result of the tympanic membrane vibrating. (1) oval window (2) vestibular membrane and endolymph (3) ossicles (4) basilar membrane (5) perilymph

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Match the description with the most appropriate structure. -ceruminous glands

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Match the structure with the appropriate description. -bulbar conjunctiva

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-Olfaction is the sense of smell. What does "A" represent?

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Match the structure with the appropriate description. -macula

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Glaucoma can result from

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